The disinfection principle of sodium hypochlorite mainly includes three aspects:

Hypochlorous acid is formed through hydrolysis, and hypochlorous acid further decomposes to form new ecological oxygen. The strong oxidizing property of new ecological oxygen denatures substances such as proteins on bacteria and viruses, thereby killing pathogenic microorganisms.

Hypochlorous acid can penetrate into bacteria (viruses) and react with organic polymers such as bacterial (viral) proteins, nucleic acids and enzymes, thereby killing pathogenic microorganisms.

The chloride ions produced by hypochlorous acid can significantly change the osmotic pressure of bacteria and viruses, causing their cells to lose activity and die.